From the industrial revolution to major urban renewal projects, the region has been a veritable field of urban experimentation, particularly in terms of housing: Cités jardins in Stains and Epinay-sur-Seine, post-war housing estates in all towns, with some particularly striking examples in Aubervilliers, Saint-Denis and La Courneuve, cities adapted to climate change with the Athletes’ Village in Saint-Denis, Saint-Ouen-sur-Seine and L’Île-Saint-Denis…
